Lucy Salani, known for being the only Italian trans person to survive Nazi concentration camps during World War II, has died at the age of 98. After the war, Salani also became quite a well-known activist, and her story has been told in books and documentaries. Lucy Salani was born in Fossano, Piedmont, in 1924, but spent most of her youth in Bologna. At the outbreak of war, before her transition from male to female gender, she was called into service by the army but after the Italian armistice on September 8, 1943, she deserted by fleeing. With the Nazi army's occupation of much of Italy, she was forced to join the fascist troops, but deserted again. When she was discovered, she was sent first to the Bernau forced labor camp in Germany. She managed to escape once more, but was again discovered and captured. At that point she was interned in Dachau concentration camp, where she was marked with the red triangle. Salani survived six months in the Dachau camp. On the day of liberation by the Allies, just before leaving the camp, Nazi guards began firing on the prisoners from the turrets of Dachau: Salani was shot in the leg and was found among the corpses. After the war she lived between Turin and Rome, and also spent time in Paris. In the 1980s, she underwent sex reassignment surgery in London, but did not change her name at the registry office. Also during the same period she moved to Bologna, where she remained until her death. Salani was also an anti-fascist and LGBT+ rights activist.