The previous year in Italy was the hottest and least rainy since 1961, owing to a lack of complete scientific data prior. This is the conclusion of the report "Climate in Italy in 2022," which has been published annually by the Higher Institute for Environmental Protection and Research since 2006, thanks to the participation of the National System for Environmental Protection. While on a global scale, 2022 was the fifth warmest year in the historical series, in Italy, with an average anomaly of +1.23°C compared to the 1991-2020 climatological value, 2022 was the warmest year in over sixty years, exceeding the previous absolute record of 2018 by 0.58°C and the value of the previous year 2021 by 1°C. With the exception of March and April, all months of the year were warmer than average: anomalies of more than 2°C were recorded in June (with a peak of +3.09°C), as well as in July, October, and December. Summer has the most noticeable anomaly (+2.18°C), followed by autumn (+1.38°C) and winter (+0.58°C). 2022 was also the least rainy year since the series began, with a -22% decrease compared to the 1991-2020 climatological average, and below-normal rainfall (-39%) from January to July. The anomalies were most noticeable in the north (-33%), followed by the center (-15%) and the south and islands (13%).
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