In 2023, Italy by per capita public health spending ranked only 16th among the 27 European countries in the OECD area and last among the G7 countries. Public health spending stood at 6.2% of GDP, which is lower than both the OECD average of 6.9% and the European average of 6.8%. This was reported by the GIMBE Foundation, an independent organization that since 1996. Faced with a National Health Service (NHS) that is increasingly struggling to guarantee the right to health protection, institutional signals have multiplied: the Court of Auditors, the Constitutional Court and the Parliamentary Budget Office continually note the underfunding of the NHS, and as many as 5 regions and subsequently even oppositions have submitted bills to increase public funding to at least 7% of GDP. Even the Minister of Health himself, Orazio Schillaci, recently stated that 7% of GDP is the minimum level on which to stand for public health financing.