Some 62% Italians believe that high- and middle-income countries can and should do much more to help low-income countries effectively address health problems. This is one of the findings from the "Africa and Health: Italians' Opinion" survey conducted by Ipsos for Amref Italy to investigate Italians' perceptions of global health. According to the survey results, there is a 5% increase in the perception that countries are making adequate efforts compared to a few years ago, from 20% in 2022 to 25 percent today. Thinking about Africa's health problems, 62% of respondents believe aid from high- and middle-income countries should focus on malnutrition. This is followed by access to health care (48%) and prevention of health emergencies (41%). Regarding aid to African countries, 67% of Italians are in favor of reducing or canceling part of the debt by asking in return to invest the same amount in sustainable development projects. Economic aid (32%), humanitarian and health aid (32%) and training for the ruling class (31%) are the three items considered most important. Addressing the challenges of the present requires a multisectoral and integrated approach such as One Health, which, however, the majority of Italians (59%) have never heard of.