Italy continues its leadership in the circular economy, ranking second behind the Netherlands among the 27 EU countries but first among the other major European economies (Germany, France, Spain). Furthermore, resource productivity has increased, with a 20% improvement compared to 2019. At the same time, the reliance on imported commodities remains significant. In 2023, imports accounted for 48% of total demand—well above the EU average of 22% for the same year. The cost of imports increased by 34%, from 424.2 billion in 2019 to 568.7 billion in 2024. This presents a contradictory yet still largely positive picture of Italy’s circular economy, as outlined in the 2025 Circular Economy Report by the Circular Economy Network (CEN). The Report emphasizes the need of accelerating the process, as an increase in circularity - which is characterized by a more effective use of resources and a greater reliance on secondary raw materials - has the potential to revitalize Made in Italy and enhance the competitiveness of companies. According to estimates by Cassa Depositi e Prestiti, adopting circular practices saved Italian manufacturing companies €16.4 billion in 2024. Benefits that are also observed in the environment, thereby aiding in the decarbonization process and the fight against the climate crisis. The European Commission predicts that adopting more circular models will save the 27 EU members €45 billion in annual energy costs.
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