Because of the high cost of living, an increasing number of Italians are leaving the large cities, from Rome to Milan, to rediscover life in the mountains. The problem of depopulation of small villages in inland areas is thus beginning to reverse, particularly in the Center and North, with certain municipalities even seeing a little increase in birth rates. The important news is that, unlike in the past, the trend is not being driven by foreigners, as occurred between 2009 and 2013 with the entry of thousands of immigrants, particularly wealthy Europeans and non-EU citizens, prior to the severe reduction in residents between 2014 and 2018. Now, foreigners contribute to the population increase by only 36,000 people. 64% of the growth is therefore due to Italians relocating. Mountain municipalities are becoming increasingly appealing due to the strategies of Green communities in 1,500 villages (out of a total of 3,471) and the corresponding investments of the NRRP. Among the regions, significant population increases in mountain municipalities are reported in Emilia-Romagna (up 43 per thousand), Tuscany (25 per thousand), Lombardy and Trentino (over 20 per thousand), Umbria (17 per thousand), and Lazio (5 per thousand).