Conflicts in the Middle East, between Russia and Ukraine, and tensions between India and Pakistan have jeopardized 61.4 billion euros in Italian exports. Confartigianato has calculated the risks of international geopolitical crises for the Italian economy, highlighting that sales of Italian-made products to 25 countries involved in wars or in areas at risk - including the Middle East, North Africa, Russia, Ukraine, India, and Pakistan - are worth 61.4 billion euros (9.8% of total exports). Specifically, the Middle East's exports total 27.1 billion, while the three neighboring countries of Egypt, Libya, and Turkey generate 21.9 billion. Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus collectively generate 6.6 billion, while India and Pakistan generate 5.8 billion. One-third of exports to these markets—€20.3 billion—comes from sectors with a strong presence of micro and small enterprises, such as fashion, jewelry, eyewear, food, furniture, and metal products. There are also significant concerns in the energy supply chain: Italy imports 40.7% of its energy from 17 of the 25 nations participating in the crisis, for a value of 27.6 billion euros.
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