Regular migrants in Italy give more to the state than they take out, according to the 2025 Immigration Dossier by IDOS. In 2023, they contributed €39.1 billion through taxes and social security payments, compared to €34.5 billion received in welfare and public services. The result is a positive net balance of €4.6 billion for Italy’s public finances.

On average, migrants contributed €7,400 each, while benefiting from €6,600 in services—figures far below the €10,200 and €11,600 attributed to Italian citizens. Lower health and pension costs reflect migrants’ younger average age.

Yet the report warns that bureaucratic hurdles, irregular employment, and occupational downgrading prevent migrants from contributing even more. Many remain trapped in low-skilled or part-time jobs despite higher qualifications, limiting their full potential in the labor market and reducing possible revenue for the state.