At present, nearly 7,000 engineering positions remain unfilled in Italy out of a total demand for 12,000 expressed by the production system. In 2024, there was a demand for over 24,000 graduates in industrial and management engineering, over 14,000 civil engineers, and over 13,000 mechanical engineers, as indicated by data from the Excelsior Information System. If the three specializations are combined, engineers rank—among the highly specialized professions—as those for which the market has expressed the greatest demand. At the same time, engineers are also among the hardest professionals to find, together with ICT designers. Industrial and management engineers, energy and mechanical engineers, and civil engineers were the most challenging to locate in 2024, with the rankings of second, third, and fourth, respectively. The most recent data, from September 2025, confirm this issue. The demand for engineers working in ICT and management has increased dramatically over the last four or five years, and while the number of students enrolling in these degree programs is expanding, it is failing to meet market demand.
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