Electricity generation from renewable sources has accounted for 49% of the nation's total production. Despite a 28% reduction in Italy's energy consumption per unit of wealth generated between 2005 and 2024, the country continues to be among the European nations with the highest reliance on external sources, estimated at 72%, primarily due to fossil fuel imports. Overall energy consumption grew by 1.5% in 2024, with the buildings and transportation sectors accounting for the entire increase. This has an influence on CO2 emissions: Eurostat and ISPRA data show that Italy’s emissions fell by 27% between 1990 and 2024 — less than Germany (-48%), the EU average (-37%), or France (-33%). A slowdown was also observed in 2024, extending into 2025. According to estimates from ENEA, the first half of 2025 shows a reversal of the downward trend seen over the previous two and a half years, with emissions rising by 1.5% compared to the same period in 2024.