Since 2008, births in Italy have decreased by one-third, with nearly 200,000 fewer births in just 16 years. This drop is due to a mix of structural causes and reproductive behavior. The former account for around two-thirds of the observed decline: the number of women of reproductive age (15-49) living in Italy fell by 2.4 million, and in the most recent year, the relatively older women, aged 30-49, were nearly double the number of younger women, aged 15-29. As a result, there are fewer potential parents. The remaining third is attributable to declining fertility. The rise in the average age of childbirth (32.6 years in 2024), particularly for the first kid (31.7 years), indicates a now-consolidated pattern of delay, limiting the potential of having more children. Demographers in Italy are raising concerns about what the future holds for the country and its decreasing population.