According to the Liuc University Research Office, in 2023, 18% of Italian individuals aged 15 to 35 were NEETs (young people without a job and not seeking employment), compared to 13% in Spain and 12.9% in France. This figure is partially due to the problems these groups confront in an unstable and low-wage labor market: according to Liuc, 40% of under-35s hold precarious contracts. It is no coincidence, then, that the number of graduates emigrating has doubled in the last decade, from 12,000 in 2013 to 29,000 by 2023. Also important is the fact that a young Italian graduate's average annual income is less than 18,000 euros (29,000 in Germany). The scenario becomes more complex when considering that a young person residing in Milan must allocate approximately 92% of their monthly income to housing, a proportion that decreases to 77% in Venice and 75% in Rome. Nonetheless, the number of young individuals who have decided to establish their own business has grown by 8.3%.