The Italian fashion industry can breathe a sigh of relief. After eight quarters of decrease, turnover in the core industries (textiles, clothes, leather, leather goods, and footwear) increased in the third quarter of 2025. An initial reversal of the trend occurred in July, with growth of 1.4% compared to July 2024, which was reinforced in September with growth of 5.7%. The robust performance in the third quarter offset the 2.7% decline witnessed in the first nine months. However, turnover in associated industries fell for the third quarter in a row (-3.7%), owing particularly to weakness in jewelry (-4.1% overall in the first nine months of 2025) and eyewear (-2% in the first nine months). The difficulties in these areas are primarily due to the weakness of export markets. The latest Istat data for October show highly diversified retail sales trends. Positive figures concern perfumery and personal care products (+4.2%) and clothing (+1.4%), while jewellery and footwear show slight declines. Italian fashion industry exports are affected by the difficult macroeconomic conditions in France and the influence of protectionist policies in the United States, Italy's third-largest market. There were 62,000 companies in Italy in 2022; by 2024 the number had dropped to 59,000.