Italy has the second-longest coastline in Europe, spanning 7,600 kilometers, and occupies the second-largest maritime territory in the Mediterranean (536,446 square kilometers). The report "One Sea," produced by the Symbola Foundation and the Musica per Roma Foundation, shows that Italy leads in the number of marine protected areas, with 284 sites protecting an area of over 21,720 square kilometers, with significant results for habitats and species. Between 1926 and 2025, the Italian sea experienced a 1.9°C temperature increase, the second greatest among seas around EU countries. Furthermore, Italy is the foremost exporter of recreational boats, with a total turnover of €8.6 billion and a workforce of over 31,000, or 168,000 if the entire supply chain is taken into account. The fishing fleet is the largest in Europe, with 12,280 vessels. Italy's ports handle more than 488 million tons of cargo, and it leads Europe in short-sea shipping with 302 million tons. In 2024, the port of Reggio Calabria was the most productive in the European Union in terms of the number of ship calls, including both freight and passenger transport. Tourism remains an important economic and social platform along the coast: Italy accounts for approximately 250 million overnight stays in coastal places, as well as 38% of all tourist lodging establishments in Europe. With over 93 million passengers boarding and disembarking at Italian ports, Italy dominates the European market.