The University of Pisa has also contributed to NASA's Artemis II project, which began on April 2 and aims to return astronauts to the Moon for the first time since 1972. The Orion spacecraft contains six Timepix chips, advanced sensors for particle and radiation detection developed at CERN as part of the Medipix2 international partnership, which also includes the University of Pisa and the National Institute of Nuclear Physics. Throughout the ten-day voyage, the gadgets are responsible for monitoring the characteristics and level of radiation present inside the spacecraft in real time. A critical factor, as astronauts will be subjected to radiation levels that are considerably higher than those encountered in low orbit after departing the Earth's geomagnetic field. The Timepix chips are part of NASA's HERA (Hybrid Electronic Radiation Assessor) system, which measures the composition, intensity, and energy of incident particles, contributing to the evaluation of exposure for both the crew and the on-board electronic systems. The technology, which is based on the hybrid pixel detectors used in the Large Hadron Collider experiments, is capable of identifying various forms of radiation by analyzing the traces left by the particles in the sensors.